The standard treatment for Osgood-Schlatter is to use something for pain (for example, non-steroidal, anti-inflammatory medications like ibuprofen), ice, and most of all, rest from the strenuous activity. The pain usually subsides with such a plan. In most cases, the pain will completely subside when the child's growth plate closes at the end of the growth spurt.
Chondroitin sulfate and glucosamine are two substances that have been used to treat joint pain in adults. These are produced naturally in our bodies and are essential for development of the cartilage that covers the ends of long bones that form joints like the knee and shoulder. There is no published research on the effectiveness of chondroitin or glucosamine for the treatment of Osgood-Schlatter disease. Moreover, these compounds are sold as nutritional supplements and not as medications, so they are not subjected to the same rigorous testing for safety as prescription drugs. There is very little information on the safety of their use in children. Therefore, I would not recommend using these supplements to treat your teen's Osgood-Schlatter's.